Climate Science Deniers Are Annoying Because

It is very hard for me to view the world without my Anthropological glasses, since I’ve been one kind of Anthropologist or another since I was 13 years old. Thinking about climate science deniers, I realized what makes them annoying to me. Let me tell you what I mean.

The ongoing conversation at an archaeological site. The ongoing conversation at an archaeological site.

When Archaeologists (a kind of Anthropologist, in the tradition I was trained in) dig a site, they are constantly learning about what is under ground at that location, and throughout the process develop a model of what it all means. As an aside I should mention that increasing understanding is not the inevitable outcome. Sometimes more questions are raised than answered. Point is, as more and more earth is moved and more of the structure of the site and its artifactual contents are revealed, the conception among the diggers of what they are working on grows more detailed and often more complex. The archaeologists talk while they work. There will be experts and learners, novices and those with great experience, and as they dig the site speaks to them (a common metaphor in archaeology) and the diggers listen, knowing that what the famous Dr. House always says must not be forgotten: Everybody, including archaeological sites, lies. So at no point do good archaeologists come to a comfortable understanding of what they are uncovering. It is always uncomfortable, shifting, nagging, bothersome, challenging. And most importantly, this process is what archaeology is. The late James Deetz once told me that fieldwork was the most important thing to him and I asked him why. He said, “That’s where I think. I think standing in a hole.” And that is generally true of Archaeology. Archaeologists think standing in a hole, usually in groups, and they talk and between the ongoing results of the digging, the thinking, and the talking, stuff happens in their minds that advances our overall understanding (or complexity of questions about) something in the past. It also feels good. If you are doing that – digging holes in all sorts of weather, spending more time on your knees than a Catholic choir boy, always being dirty but not in a good way, sun burned, tick bitten, knuckle scraped, being mocked by the patch of earth you are busy destroying – and it does not feel good than you should do something else.

So that is what it is like to engage in the process of doing archaeology. Then a car pulls up.

The guy gets out of his car and comes over and asks, “Whatcha doing?” and somebody tells him.

“We’re digging an archaeological site, we’re archaeologists!” an enthusiastic less experienced member of the crew pipes up, walking over to the fence to engage with this member of the public, as we are supposed to do. “It’s an historic site from the early 19th century. There used to be a farm here. We’re tracing out the foundation of the house, and over there, we think we’ve uncovered the place where the farmers butchered their …”

One of the larger round rocks. One of the larger round rocks.

“I found an artifact,” the interrupting visitor says, interrupting.

“What?”

“It’s in my trunk, let me get it.”

The archaeologist is left standing at the fence. Sniggers can be heard by some of the more experienced crew members, and glances are passed around like some neat, newly uncovered object might be. There is a reason the least experienced person on the crew was the only one to jaunt over to the fence when the guy showed up.

Returning from his car, holding a huge very smooth ovate river cobble, nearly perfect in symmetry, probably quartzite, “This thing,” hefting it over the fence into the waiting arms of the young archaeologist. “I brought it to the museum but they told me it was just a rock. Obviously they don’t know their rocks! I’ve been running back hoe on construction for years. I know this is not just a rock.”

For some reason, smooth rocks and people who know things have an affinity.

The conversation goes on for a half hour. We learn this guy has been carrying around his rock for over two years, showing it to people now and then. He has a number of theories about what it is, but his preference is to link the rock to Celtic mariners who crossed the Atlantic in olden times and wandered across the continent teaching the hapless Indians how to build stone chambers in which to conduct ceremonies. Despite the fact that this rock is clearly very important, representing a trans-Atlantic connection that only enlightened people accept as true reality, he leaves the rock with the young field worker who promises to bring it to the museum and put in a proper storage drawer where it can be studied by future Archaeologists.

So that was one hour the entire crew can never get back, one hour of failed and eventually forsaken attempts to dissuade the guy of his silly misconceptions, one hour of not thinking about the archaeological site, and also, for reasons of security, one hour during which one or two of the diggers found something interesting but kept quiet about it lest the discovery be drawn into the useless and distracting conversation, or worse, prompt Mr. Backhoe to return over the weekend with his big yellow machine to see what he might find.

That’s what climate science denialists do.

At the moment, and this is probably almost always true, there are some very interesting things going on in climate science. Some of the current issues have to do with the effects of anthropogenic global warming on severe weather. Here’s a brief overview of what is going on.

  • We know warming increases evaporation and thus potentially causes drought.
  • We know warming increases water vapor in the air, which further increases warming (but how much is a matter of debate) and increases the potential for severe rainfall.
  • We know sea surface temperatures are elevated, so when major tropical storms form, they have the potential to be bigger.
  • We know sea levels have gone up and continue to do so, which means that storm surges from various kinds of storms are greater than they otherwise might be.

These effects have something to do with the Drought in California, some major flooding and rainfall events of recent years, and the severity of a handful of major tropical storms including Katrina, Haiyan/Yolanda, and Sandy.

  • For some time science has predicted changes in atmospheric circulation caused by warming that would likely alter major weather patterns. In recent years, this seems to have been observed. So-called “Weather Whiplash” is a phenomenon where the weather in a region goes extreme for a bit longer than it should, then shifts to a different extreme. Drought and flood, heat and cold, that sort of thing. We don’t know but strongly suspect “Weather Whiplash” is caused by global warming’s effects on major air circulation patterns. This is a hot area of research right now, and it is fascinating.

  • We argue about the likely effects of global warming on specific kinds of storms, from temperate tornadoes to tropical hurricanes. Numerous analyses of data and models of climate change have suggested that there may be more of these storms in the future, other studies ‘conclude’ that we can’t be sure, and very few studies show that storms will decrease. The most methodologically questionable studies are the ones that predict decreases in storm overall, though there are a few good studies that suggest that certain tropical regions will experience fewer major cyclones.

That is a rough outline running from greater to lesser certainty. Down there in the lower certainty range there is some interesting science going on. One thing that makes the science especially interesting is the unhappy tension between what climate scientists ideally would like to do and the urgency of understanding what will happen with severe weather in the future. On one hand, climate scientists would like to get a couple of decades of excellent data to supplement older, not as excellent data, to see how climate systems responding to warming reshape our weather patterns. On the other hand, we would ideally like to know now not only if we have to worry about increasingly severe weather, but we’d like to know what kinds of severe weather will occur, when, and where.

That’s interesting. Going back to the analogy of digging an archaeological site, this is like digging a site that is of a familiar type, finding mostly what you expect, but knowing you are adding important data to the overall growing body of information about Early Bronze Age Peloponnesian urban settlement, or New England 19th century farmsteads. But while you are excavating the site you find a stain deep in one corner of a test pit you thought you were about to be done with, and there’s an unexpected artifact in the stain. So you open up a larger area and find a homestead that is not on the map and is not supposed to be there, and as you excavate more and more of it you discover it is loaded with exotic unexpected artifacts and represents human activity that was not known to have occurred at this place and at this time. This would be the most fun you can have with your pants on, kneeling, in the field of archaeology.

And then some guy comes along with his stupid rock and takes you away from it all for an inordinate amount of time. But in climate studies, it is not some guy. It is dozens of denialists, who do appear to be at lest somewhat organized, showing up and doing everything they can think of to interfere with your work. When the scientists get together to discuss the very interesting and important uncertainties, to evaluate very recent work, to share thoughts about the interpretation of newly run models or newly analyzed data sets or newly observed phenomena, they have to spend a certain amount of that time dealing with the denialists. They may even have to spend a certain amount of time talking with lawyers. When they talk to the public or to policy makers they have to spend a certain amount of time, sometimes quite a bit of time, debunking denialist myths and explaining the basic science that should have been accepted as premise a long time ago.

Now imagine once again that you are an archeologist and you and your team have finished work on a major project. You’ve put together a symposium to be part of a major international meeting, at which 9 different papers will be read and discussed addressing various aspects of your findings. You go to the conference. But 2 out of 10 of the people in the room are this guy’s friends. They will insist on asking questions about the Celts and the Giants that once roamed the Earth, and Aliens that mated with earthlings in antiquity to form a race of Lizard People. And they are not polite. Only 2 of 10 in the room come to the conference with these ideas, but they are highly disruptive and control much of the conversation at the symposium, at the bar afterwards, at the airport waiting lounges where people going to and from the conference accidentally run into each other, on the twitter stream spewing from the conference venue.

This is why climate science denialists are so annoying. They are sucking a measurable amount of energy and resources from the process of doing the science and understanding the climate system. Another analogy would be this: Every department of natural resources spending 10% of its budget mitigating against negative effects on Bigfoot, and every news report of anything having to do with parks, hunting, bird conservation, etc. having a Bigfoot spokesperson to address bigfoot issues. When you take climate denialist fueled false balance and re-describe it in any other area of public policy or scientific endeavor, that’s what you get. Bigfoot or something like Bigfoot. Cold Fusion experts always included in any discussion of the Large Hadron Collider, Alien Hunters having equal time after every episode of Neil DeGrasse Tyson’s Cosmos 2014, and so on.

There is plenty of uncertainty at the cutting edge of climate science. There is very little uncertainty at the core. This is because it is centuries old science and the scientists pretty much know what they are doing. Engaging in the false debate is a waste of time and effort, and that, I personally suspect, is the main objective of the denialists. They want to slow down progress, though they may have various different reasons to do so. None of those reasons are valid. They are not Galileo, though they want everyone to think they are. One wonders if they believe that of themselves.

That would be extra annoying.

____________________

Photograph of Eliot Park Neighborhood Archaeology Project by Jen Barnett.

Photograph of round rock: zphaze via Compfight cc

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"This is why climate science denialists are so annoying. They are sucking a measurable amount of energy and resources from the process of doing the science and understanding the climate system."

It is actually more straightforward than that. There are large numbers of people out there across several disciplines and the common flaw they share is that aren't trained in science and lack scholarship in the field. They can easily be distinguished from scholars that disagree. They share the same cognitive error: "This field is easy, anyone can do it, and therefore my theories are as good as anyone elses."

Unless you are being interviewed in a group by Oprah or Dr. Oz, there should be some criteria about who can speak in a scientific meeting. It is generally not a public forum and the people with credentials have put in considerable work to get there. That needs to be recognized.

By George Dawson,… (not verified) on 25 Mar 2014 #permalink

How I suddenly miss doing archaeology! That is an irrelevant comment, but it was my overwhelming feeling when reading this. That totally glorious and superficially filthy business of discovering what people were up to in the past… and all the careful measurement and bagging of wee scraps of bone and all kinds of other artifacts. And the quiet stream of talk and banter…

It brings back with great force the day that some guys on horseback showed up at our early neolithic cave site in Lebanon and tried to find out if we were digging for gold. They were armed. They scared us and stomped all over the squares. They turned out to be Syrian border patrol. And I think the analogy to the behaviour of climate change deniers is just as apt, in certain contexts, as when someone like James Hanson gets led off in handcuffs, during a peaceful demonstration against mountain top removal, in front of the White House.

By Helga Vierich (not verified) on 25 Mar 2014 #permalink

2 quick comments:

1) Cue the ideology-blinded zealots
2) "spend more time on their knees than Catholic choir boys" LOL

By Dan Aldridge (not verified) on 25 Mar 2014 #permalink

I reject the apparent premise that non-experts are, as a group, unbearable stoopid time-suckers [and probably, hint, Conspiracy Theorists]. Unless an unusually aggressive person is involved, most adults have developed the ability to extract themselves from a dull conversation in less than an hour. ("This is all very interesting, but I've got to get back to work, we're burning daylight.") Also, any opportunity to explain to members of the public what you do and why it's interesting is an opportunity to incline them to believe that (a) the activity is worth supporting with tax dollars, and (b) it's worth legally privileging in other ways, as when it is required that sites be surveyed and/or excavated before they're destroyed by construction projects. If the price of seizing such opportunities is that occasionally you have to listen to hoi polloi talking back to you, oh well, live with it.

"I reject the apparent premise that non-experts are, as a group, unbearable stoopid time-suckers [and probably, hint, Conspiracy Theorists]."

What is that an apparent premise of? It is certainly not something I've said. If you are arguing against this point as though I've said it, you can stop now because I didn't day it, nor did I imply it, nor do I think it true.

" any opportunity to explain to members of the public what you do and why it’s interesting is an opportunity to incline them to believe that (a) the activity is worth supporting with tax dollars, and (b) it’s worth legally privileging in other ways, as when it is required that sites be surveyed and/or excavated before they’re destroyed by construction projects. If the price of seizing such opportunities is that occasionally you have to listen to hoi polloi talking back to you, oh well, live with it."

About half the time I've worked in archaeology in North America it was a special kind of public archaeology that was all about addressing the public. We didn't "live with it, oh well," we lived FOR it. The other half of the time my North American archaeology was done in situations where usually the public simply was not welcome because of land access issues or because it was a closed construction site. In those cases we did things like making a museum exhibit for the local historical society or bank lobby or whatever.

This post is not about public engagement in archaeology. But that hardly matters because your reading of this post, "jane," is really poor, if I'm reading your comment right. And I am.

"Climate change is happening now. Just ask 97% of the top climate scientists & every major National Academy of Science in the world." http://clmtr.lt/c/ERD0cc0cMJ

By Ray del Colle (not verified) on 26 Mar 2014 #permalink

Well, of course you are entitled to decide what the single correct reading is of both your post and my comment. You want it to be all about how climate change deniers waste Real Scientists' time, and I can't argue with that aspect. But the lengthy analogy drawn between those people and an innocently chatty construction worker, sneeringly labeled Mr Backhoe, does imply that such well-meaning members of the public are equally to be condemned for their imperfect knowledge and for taking up Experts' precious time. If you don't think that, why did you go on at such length about "one hour the entire group can never get back, one hour this, one hour that"?

I have a policy of never refusing an opportunity to talk to anyone about what I do. Public outreach ought to be part of every scientist's job. You've made it clear on many occasions that you're not willing to treat the backhoe-operating demographic of the American population with anything like the same tolerance or respect with which you would treat African villagers who possess even less scientific knowledge and have less in common with you. The thing you don't seem to get is that very frequently, the former group PAYS THE BILLS.

Thank you for giving me permission to know what I said.

Mr Backhoe represents not the public per se but the people who have their own unscientific view of science, though in his case harmlessly so. Your accusation that I have disdain for the working class is laughable, and your suggestion that I somehow should not show affinity with some group of people that you determine are not paying the bills for other stuff humanity does, and your implication that I should feel more simpatico with my own people instead of those "African villagers" borders on ... no, I won't say it. You know.

I gather that jane has the luxury of working in a field where aggressive lunatics are not constantly trying to sabotage her work. I am soooooooo envious.

After you have heard the same politically motivated talking point the thousanth time, you begin to lose your enthusiasm for patiently explaining the facts as part of your public education mission.

Said mission being very real and very important, but some groups out make themselves deliberately resistant to instruction.

By Robert L Bell (not verified) on 27 Mar 2014 #permalink

Oops, dropped a word: groups out there

By Robert L Bell (not verified) on 27 Mar 2014 #permalink

I actually know someone who has a MS in physics who is among some of the worst climate change denialists I have ever met. He thinks that the Earth *might* be warming up but that we can't prove it's man-made, and on top of that we can't really do anything to change it so why bother. It always blows my mind that he is science trained, works in science (or so he says) and yet he still has such problems grasping the basics of how science works with respect to climate change. The most maddening thing is that he will actually read the research and still come to the conclusion that it's not actually happening.

By Semi-scientist (not verified) on 27 Mar 2014 #permalink

"Semi-scientist": there are plenty of explanations for such behavior, mostly psychological. There's usually little you can do - apart from thinking about your own ideas and to what extent you are perhaps exhibiting similar behavior in another area. For example, I've met a few who go after climate change deniers...and then proclaim vaccines cause autism.

Late to the party as usual. However, when you view what the climatistas state through the lens of pathological science, you see that what they purport to "know" is made up of whole cloth.

You should be smart enough to know that "Shut up!" is not a valid argument.

By Darth Chocolate (not verified) on 14 May 2014 #permalink