ExSSII: more transits

and we're back, and I'm late, more Kepler stuff

hundreds of new multi-planet system (candidates) from Kepler!

Liveblogging:

• v. good talk from Eric Ford - missed beginning
  Transit Timing Variations (TTV) in Kepler data

  confirmed, model constraints for 2 planet systems
  12 more candidates in the works, in preparation in several separate papers

  get independent mass estimates, expand parameter space, confirm planets
  for stars which are too faint or mass too low for RV confirmation
  Pull out lots of extra physics with TTV measurements, get to info not otherwise
  accessibility, some model dependence

  TTV sensitivity increases sharply with time,
  Eric reinforces the case for extended Kepler mission (hint, hint)

  Hey - Lee Billings is also here: "Hi Lee"

  Eric is a big tease...

• and Jason is up.

  Hundreds(!!!) of new multi-planet candidate systems...

  Wow. I guess many planetary systems are very close to coplanar and densely packed...

  Let us not forget that Kepler measures the stars' properties also.

  Can't get over how clean and pretty the Kepler transit curves are.
  Astonishing relative photometric accuracy.

  Candidates:
  218 with 2 planets
  73 with 3 planets
  ? with 4 planets
  ? wiith 5 planets
  2(?) with 6 planets

  went too fast for me... comment if you're here and caught the 4 and 5 planet system numbers - there are fewer 4 than 3, and fewer 5 than 4, but more than 6

  some VERY small candidate planets in short orbital period - v. good relative photometry

  0..32 Earth radii at 4 days
  did someone say 0.9 Earth radii 20 something day orbital period
  0.5 Earth radii and 7 day period

  ---
  seeing the reflected light from planet and thermal emission from nightside through phase curve, for some systems

• Ballard - KOI-88/Kepler-19b
  2.2 R_Earth transit with TTV
  just came out on arXiv Ballard et al 2011

  upper limit on RV less than 50 earth mass (assuming any e - 15 earh mass if e=0)
  arguing for why this is a real planet and not false positive - it is ok we believe you, we want to believe you!

  multiple transits - egress and ingress smeared in folded data ~ 5 min TTV with ~ 300d period - there is another planet - it is ok, we believe it is not a star!

  so Kepler-19c is potentially very interesting
  orbit/mass partially constrained - depends on whether it is in resonance
  low order mean motion resonance; or eccentric high order resonance;
  or retrograde moon; or co-orbital planet

• Fabrycky: KOI-730 - 4 planet resonant chain planetary system
  7.4 9.8 14.8 and 19.7 d periods
  1.8 2.1 2.8 and 2.4 earth radii planets
  dense pack of super-earths

  4:3 -- 3:2 -- 4:3 or 3:4:6:8 resonance - cute

  see 15 sec TTVs for third planet, other TTVs too small with current data
  problem - with e=0 expect much larger TTVs
  floating TTVs drives to high eccentricity
  theoretically if you glide into first order resonances at low initial ecc then end in low ecc
  get ecc ~ 0.05 oscillating on decadal time scales
  get better fit to observed TTVs, more stable configuration

  looks plausible

• JohnJohn - spectroscopy of Kepler giants
  KOI-254 case study
  looking at R > 5 R_Earth
  Keck HiRES followups to pick through the other Kepler planets

  Teff < 2,000 K V - 16.9
  young M dwarf - M0 - half solar mass
  2.5 d period, 0.036 transit depth
  distance unknown
  100 m/sec RV amplitude
  e=0
  M star measured properties not good fit to models, models kinda suck, too much chemistry

  hot transiting jupiter around a young M dwarf - that is different

  battery almost gone, can we make it to coffee before the laptop gives up...

  nice self-calibration technique for mass - can't figure the metallicity dependence, but I think JJ had it covered
  oh yes, there it is... next slide shows how you get [Z] also

  \KOI-254 - 0.6 Msun, 0.5 M_Jupiter - metal rich

• Brian Jackson - Kepler and HAT-P-7b
  ellipsoidal variation
  subtle, small and worth measuring
  can and is measured
  but my battery is drained and so is tha laptops
  back after coffee

  why, yes, there area LOT of talks...